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Compare Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2008) - Cambodia (2003)

Compare Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2008) z Cambodia (2003)

 Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2008)Cambodia (2003)
 Saint Pierre and MiquelonCambodia
Administrative divisions none (territorial overseas collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon at the second order 20 provinces (khett, singular and plural) and 4 municipalities* (krong, singular and plural); Banteay Mean Cheay, Batdambang, Kampong Cham, Kampong Chhnang, Kampong Spoe, Kampong Thum, Kampot, Kandal, Kaoh Kong, Keb*, Kracheh, Mondol Kiri, Otdar Mean Cheay, Pailin*, Phnum Penh*, Pouthisat, Preah Seihanu*, Preah Vihear, Prey Veng, Rotanah Kiri, Siem Reab, Stoeng Treng, Svay Rieng, Takev
Age structure 0-14 years: 23% (male 827/female 790)


15-64 years: 65.9% (male 2,352/female 2,288)


65 years and over: 11.1% (male 359/female 420) (2007 est.)
0-14 years: 39.3% (male 2,606,568; female 2,557,736)


15-64 years: 57.6% (male 3,599,216; female 3,962,520)


65 years and over: 3.1% (male 148,287; female 250,437) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish rice, rubber, corn, vegetables
Airports 2 (2007) 21 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)
total: 5


2,438 to 3,047 m: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 16


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 13


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
Area total: 242 sq km


land: 242 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups
total: 181,040 sq km


land: 176,520 sq km


water: 4,520 sq km
Area - comparative 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC slightly smaller than Oklahoma
Background First settled by the French in the early 17th century, the islands represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions. Following a five-year struggle, Communist Khmer Rouge forces captured Phnom Penh in 1975 and ordered the evacuation of all cities and towns; over 1 million displaced people died from execution or enforced hardships. A 1978 Vietnamese invasion drove the Khmer Rouge into the countryside and touched off almost 20 years of fighting. UN-sponsored elections in 1993 helped restore some semblance of normalcy as did the rapid diminishment of the Khmer Rouge in the mid-1990s. A coalition government, formed after national elections in 1998, brought renewed political stability and the surrender of remaining Khmer Rouge forces in 1998.
Birth rate 13.08 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) 27.28 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget revenues: $70 million


expenditures: $60 million (1996 est.)
revenues: $396 million


expenditures: $607 million, including capital expenditures of $254 million (2001 est.)
Capital name: Saint-Pierre


geographic coordinates: 46 46 N, 56 11 W


time difference: UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November
Phnom Penh
Climate cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy tropical; rainy, monsoon season (May to November); dry season (December to April); little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline 120 km 443 km
Constitution 4 October 1958 (French Constitution) promulgated 21 September 1993
Country name conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon


conventional short form: Saint Pierre and Miquelon


local long form: Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon


local short form: Saint-Pierre et Miquelon
conventional long form: Kingdom of Cambodia


conventional short form: Cambodia


local long form: Preahreacheanachakr Kampuchea


local short form: Kampuchea


former: Khmer Republic, Kampuchea Republic
Currency - riel (KHR)
Death rate 6.82 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) 9.26 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external $NA $829 million (1999 est.)
Dependency status self-governing territorial overseas collectivity of France -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territorial overseas collectivity of France) chief of mission: Ambassador Charles Aaron RAY


embassy: 27 EO Street 240, Phnom Penh


mailing address: Box P, APO AP 96546


telephone: [855] (23) 216-436/438


FAX: [855] (23) 216-437/811
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territorial overseas collectivity of France) chief of mission: Ambassador ROLAND ENG


chancery: 4530 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011


telephone: [1] (202) 726-7742


FAX: [1] (202) 726-8381
Disputes - international none completed boundary demarcation with Thailand; accuses Vietnam of moving and destroying boundary markers and encroachments, initiating border incidents; accuses Thailand of preventing access to Preah Vihear temple ruins awarded to Cambodia by ICJ decision in 1962; maritime boundary with Vietnam hampered by dispute over offshore islands
Economic aid - recipient approximately $60 million in annual grants from France $548 million pledged in grants and concessional loans for 2001 by international donors
Economy - overview The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. France heavily subsidizes the islands to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects. Fish farming, crab fishing, and agriculture are being developed to diversify the local economy. Recent test drilling for oil may pave the way for development of the energy sector. Cambodia's economy slowed dramatically in 1997-1998 due to the regional economic crisis, civil violence, and political infighting. Foreign investment and tourism fell off. In 1999, the first full year of peace in 30 years, progress was made on economic reforms and growth resumed at 5.0%. Despite severe flooding, GDP grew at 5.0% in 2000, 6.3% in 2001, and 5.2% in 2002. Tourism was Cambodia's fastest growing industry, with arrivals up 34% in 2000 and up another 40% in 2001 before the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in the US. Even given these stout growth estimates, the long-term development of the economy after decades of war remains a daunting challenge. The population lacks education and productive skills, particularly in the poverty-ridden countryside, which suffers from an almost total lack of basic infrastructure. Fear of renewed political instability and corruption within the government discourage foreign investment and delay foreign aid. The government is addressing these issues with assistance from bilateral and multilateral donors.
Electricity - consumption 46.5 million kWh (2005) 110.6 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2005) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2005) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 50 million kWh (2005) 119 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 65%


hydro: 35%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m
lowest point: Gulf of Thailand 0 m


highest point: Phnum Aoral 1,810 m
Environment - current issues recent test drilling for oil in waters around Saint Pierre and Miquelon may bring future development that would impact the environment illegal logging activities throughout the country and strip mining for gems in the western region along the border with Thailand have resulted in habitat loss and declining biodiversity (in particular, destruction of mangrove swamps threatens natural fisheries); soil erosion; in rural areas, a majority of the population does not have access to potable water; toxic waste delivery from Taiwan sparked unrest in Kampong Saom (Sihanoukville) in December 1998
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping
Ethnic groups Basques and Bretons (French fishermen) Khmer 90%, Vietnamese 5%, Chinese 1%, other 4%
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003) riels per US dollar - 3,912.08 (2002), 3,916.33 (2001), 3,840.75 (2000), 3,807.83 (1999), 3,744.42 (1998)
Executive branch chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007); represented by Prefect Yves FAUQUEUR (since 28 August 2006)


head of government: President of the Territorial Council Stephane ARTANO (since 21 February 2007)


cabinet: NA


elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 21 April 2002 (first round) and 5 May 2002 (second round) (next to be held in 2007); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the Territorial Council is elected by the members of the council
chief of state: King Norodom SIHANOUK (reinstated 24 September 1993)


head of government: Prime Minister HUN SEN (since 30 November 1998) and Deputy Prime Ministers SAR KHENG (since 1993) and TOL LAH (since 1998)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch


elections: none; the monarch is chosen by a Royal Throne Council; following legislative elections, a member of the majority party or majority coalition is named prime minister by the Chairman of the National Assembly and appointed by the king
Exports 0 bbl/day (2004) NA (2001)
Exports - commodities fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts timber, garments, rubber, rice, fish
Exports - partners Spain 33.6%, Belgium 21.8%, India 18.3%, France 9.4%, US 7.5% (2006) US 60.2%, Germany 9.1%, UK 7.1%, Singapore 4.4% (2002)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description a yellow sailing ship facing the hoist side rides on a dark blue background with yellow wavy lines under the ship; on the hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: the top part (called ikkurina) is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners overlaid by a white cross dividing the rectangle into four sections; the middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; the third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one above the other; these three heraldic arms represent settlement by colonists from the Basque Country (top), Brittany, and Normandy; the flag of France is used for official occasions three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (double width), and blue with a white three-towered temple representing Angkor Wat outlined in black in the center of the red band
GDP - purchasing power parity - $20.42 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
agriculture: 40%


industry: 20%


services: 40% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $1,600 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA% 4.5% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 46 50 N, 56 20 W 13 00 N, 105 00 E
Geography - note vegetation scanty a land of paddies and forests dominated by the Mekong River and Tonle Sap
Heliports - 2 (2002)
Highways - total: 12,323 km


paved: 1,996 km


unpaved: 10,327 km (2000 est)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%: 2.9%


highest 10%: 33.8% (1997)
Illicit drugs - narcotics-related corruption reportedly involving some in the government, military, and police; possible small-scale opium, heroin, and amphetamine production; large producer of cannabis for the international market; vulnerable to money laundering due to its cash-based economy and porous borders
Imports 541.6 bbl/day (2004) NA (2001)
Imports - commodities meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials petroleum products, cigarettes, gold, construction materials, machinery, motor vehicles
Imports - partners France 51.3%, Canada 31.8%, Belgium 4.1% (2006) Thailand 24.8%, Singapore 16.9%, China 12.1%, Hong Kong 10.9%, South Korea 5.5%, Vietnam 5.2% (2002)
Independence none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763) 9 November 1953 (from France)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 16% (2001 est.)
Industries fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism tourism, garments, rice milling, fishing, wood and wood products, rubber, cement, gem mining, textiles
Infant mortality rate total: 7.21 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 8.26 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 6.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
total: 75.94 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 84.96 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 66.51 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 8.1% (2005) 3.3% (2002 est.)
International organization participation UPU, WFTU ACCT, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (subscriber), ITU, NAM, OPCW (signatory), PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 2 (2000)
Irrigated land NA 2,700 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel Supreme Council of the Magistracy (provided for in the constitution and formed in December 1997); Supreme Court (and lower courts) exercises judicial authority
Labor force 3,450 (2005) 6 million (1998 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture: 18%


industry: 41%


services: 41% (1996 est.)
agriculture 80% (2001 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 2,572 km


border countries: Laos 541 km, Thailand 803 km, Vietnam 1,228 km
Land use arable land: 12.5%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 87.5% (2005)
arable land: 20.96%


permanent crops: 0.61%


other: 78.43% (1998 est.)
Languages French (official) Khmer (official) 95%, French, English
Legal system the laws of France, where applicable, apply primarily a civil law mixture of French-influenced codes from the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) period, royal decrees, and acts of the legislature, with influences of customary law and remnants of communist legal theory; increasing influence of common law in recent years
Legislative branch unicameral Territorial Council or Conseil Territorial (19 seats, 15 from Saint Pierre and four from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)


elections: elections last held 19 and 26 in March 2006 (next to be held in March 2012)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - AD 16, Cap sur l'Avenir 2, SPM Ensemble 1


note: Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect one seat to the French Senate; elections last held 26 September 2004 (next to be held in September 2013); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects one seat to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held in 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UDF 1
bicameral consists of the National Assembly (122 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and the Senate (61 seats; two members appointed by the monarch, two elected by the National Assembly, and 57 elected by "functional constituencies"; members serve five-year terms)


elections: National Assembly - last held 27 July 2003 (next to be held in July 2007); Senate - last held 2 March 1999 (next to be held in 2004)


election results: National Assembly - percent of vote by party - CPP 47%, SRP 22%, FUNCINPEC 21%, other 10%; seats by party - CPP 73, FUNCINPEC 26, SRP 24; Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - CPP 31, FUNCINPEC 21, SRP 7, other 2 (2003)
Life expectancy at birth total population: 78.76 years


male: 76.41 years


female: 81.23 years (2007 est.)
total population: 57.92 years


male: 55.49 years


female: 60.47 years (2003 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 99%


male: 99%


female: 99% (1982 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 69.9%


male: 80.5%


female: 60.3% (2003 est.)
Location Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada) Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, between Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos
Map references North America Southeast Asia
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
contiguous zone: 24 NM


continental shelf: 200 NM


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - total: 527 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 2,328,371 GRT/3,294,028 DWT


ships by type: bulk 49, cargo 412, chemical tanker 2, combination bulk 4, container 17, liquefied gas 1, livestock carrier 2, multi-functional large-load carrier 1, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 18, refrigerated cargo 11, roll on/roll off 7, short-sea passenger 2


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Aruba 1, Belize 11, Bulgaria 3, Cambodia 194, Canada 4, China 25, Cyprus 14, Egypt 10, Estonia 2, France 1, Georgia 1, Germany 1, Gibraltar 1, Greece 13, Honduras 8, Hong Kong 12, Iceland 1, Indonesia 2, Iran 1, Ireland 1, Italy 2, Japan 2, Jordan 1, North Korea, 1, South Korea, 25, Latvia 3, Lebanon 6, Liberia 7, Malaysia 1, Malta 1, Marshall Islands 4, Netherlands 1, Norway 1, Panama 10, Romania 2, Russia 75, Saint Kitts and Nevis 4, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 5, Singapore 17, Syria 20, Turkey 18, Ukraine 16, United Arab Emirates 3, United Kingdom 1, United States 5, Vietnam 3 (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France -
Military branches - Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF): Army, Navy, Air Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $112 million (FY01 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 3% (FY01 est.)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 3,275,533 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 1,829,535 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age (2003 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males: 165,395 (2003 est.)
National holiday Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) Independence Day, 9 November (1953)
Nationality noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women)


adjective: French
noun: Cambodian(s)


adjective: Cambodian
Natural hazards persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard monsoonal rains (June to November); flooding; occasional droughts
Natural resources fish, deepwater ports timber, gemstones, some iron ore, manganese, phosphates, hydropower potential
Net migration rate -4.97 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Political parties and leaders Archipelago Tomorrow or AD affiliated with UDF/RPR list; Cap sur l'Avenir affiliated with PRG; Left Radical Party or PRG; Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR (now UMP); Saint Pierre and Miquelon 2000/Avenir Miquelon or SPM 2000/AM; Socialist Party or PS; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF Buddhist Liberal Party or BLP [IENG MOULY]; Cambodian Pracheachon Party or Cambodian People's Party or CPP [CHEA SIM]; Khmer Citizen Party or KCP [NGUON SOEUR]; National United Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful, and Cooperative Cambodia or FUNCINPEC [Prince NORODOM RANARIDDH]; Sam Rangsi Party or SRP (formerly Khmer Nation Party or KNP) [SAM RANGSI]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 7,036 (July 2007 est.) 13,124,764


note: estimates for this country take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 36% (1997 est.)
Population growth rate 0.128% (2007 est.) 1.8% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors - Kampong Saom (Sihanoukville), Kampot, Krong Kaoh Kong, Phnom Penh
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 7, FM 3, shortwave 3 (1999)
Railways - total: 602 km


narrow gauge: 602 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)
Religions Roman Catholic 99%, other 1% Theravada Buddhist 95%, other 5%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.047 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.028 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.855 male(s)/female


total population: 1.011 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.59 male(s)/female


total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: adequate


domestic: NA


international: country code - 508; radiotelephone communication with most countries in the world; satellite earth station - 1 in French domestic satellite system
general assessment: adequate landline and/or cellular service in Phnom Penh and other provincial cities; rural areas have little telephone service


domestic: NA


international: adequate but expensive landline and cellular service available to all countries from Phnom Penh and major provincial cities; satellite earth station - 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region)
Telephones - main lines in use 4,800 (2002) 21,800 (mid-1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 80,000 (2000)
Television broadcast stations 0 (2 repeaters rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997) 6 (2003)
Terrain mostly barren rock mostly low, flat plains; mountains in southwest and north
Total fertility rate 2 children born/woman (2007 est.) 3.58 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate 10.3% (1999) 2.8% (1999 est.)
Waterways - 3,700 km


note: navigable all year to craft drawing 0.6 m or less; 282 km navigable to craft drawing as much as 1.8 m
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